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Thao Vu Lab period 6

1/30/2008 Class period 5

HOMEOSTASIS LAB: THE AFFECT OF EXCERCISE ON HOMEOSTASIS

1/ Purpose:

To discover the affect that various levels exercise have on specific body para meters

2/ Hypothesis:

- If the person keeps skipping with the same speed then the heart will beat faster after time.

- If the person need more oxygen during the time he/she skips then he/she will breath in and out more.

- If the temperature of the body raises then the person will sweat.

- If the person can take small breaks during the time time he/she skips then he/she can keep skipping longer with the same speed

3/ Materials:

- Skipping rope

- Thermometer

- Blood pressure/ heart rate kit

- Stop watch

- Ethanol

- Cotton balls

- Ethanol

- Cotton balls

4/ Procedure:

* before proceeding with the lab each group should be sure that they are able to obtain readings using the blood pressure kit. The kit should be attached directly to your skin just above the elbow joint. The black tube exiting the cuff needs to be resting on the inside of your arm at your elbow where a pulse can be measure. In order to avoid an “error” reading the subject need to be perfectly still when you are taking blood pressure/ heart rate measurements. Begin by inflating the cuff, using the black bulb, the monitor will beep when the cuff is sufficiently inflated. The monitor will take the blood pressure reading as it slowly releases air from the cuff. At the end both a blood pressure and heart rate reading should appear on the monitor screen.

- Choose one person in the group to be the subject.

- Record the resting observations and values of your subject for each of the 6 parameters:

+ Record normal skin color of hands and face

+ Record normal perspiration level

+ Record external body temperature by placing the thermometer under the subjects arm pit for 1 minut. Measurements should be taken directly from the skin.

+ Record the resting blood pressure and heart rate using the blood pressure cuff/ heart rate monitor

+ Determine the breathing rate by counting the number of breaths taken in 1 minute

- Have your subject begin to skip. Your subject should be sure to exercise at a level that they can maintain for the entire 8 minute.

- Take your subject parameter, using the same techniques showed below at the 2, 4, 6, 8 minute time markers. Be sure to take final reading 1 minute after your subject has stopped exercising

- Record all of your parameter readings in the table provided.

- After cleaning your thermometer with ethanol, return it along with your other lab materials to the front of the room

5/ Question:

1/During exercises the skin of subject changes from skin color to another color which is close to red and pink, subject also starts to sweat. This help to maintain homeostasis because sweating helps to cool down the body whenever the body’s temperature raises over 37 C degrees. The color of skin changes because more blood was supported to deliver energy to the cell

2/During cellular respiration, energy was made but also the process rises the temperature of the body.

Mechanism the body uses to maintain homeostasis temperature: sweat. The sweat leaves our skin through tiny holes called pores. When the sweat hits the air, the air makes it evaporate. As the sweat evaporate off your skin you cool down.

3/Heart rates and breathing rates increase to give the body enough oxygen and sugar (through breathing and the blood) to do cellular respiration -> make energy.

6/ Data and observations: 

7/ Conclusion:

When we exercise not only the skeletal and muscular systems do the job but also others systems involving to help maintain homeostasis :

- Excretory system’s work: sweating->releasing water+salt+sugar+ammonia+urea and cool down the whole body

- Circulatory system’s works: the heart beats faster, blood goes through veins contains oxygen and sugar (also the turning-back round blood contains carbon dioxide) to help maintain cellular respiration -> create more energy

- Respiratory system’s work: Breathing rate increases -> takes more oxygen and releases more carbon dioxide

- Nervous system’s work: control both the actions to skip the rope and the works to maintain homeostasis for the body.

Through all that homeostasis is maintained and the human body can work perfectly. Also it makes the body become more flexible with environment’s changing

8/ Possible error:

If the subject wasn’t given any breaks between exercising time then he/she could get exhausted easily and may not be able to complete the experiment

-> Divided exercising time in small parts (2-4 minutes each time) then gave the subject 2 minute break. Thoses breaks also help the whole team to have enough time to collect the data.

If the subject didn’t exercise enough then there would be no big changing in his/her body -> it could be hard to get and read the data+ observations

-> Choose enough time for exercising that wouldn’t completely make the subject extremely tired but still made some changes in his/her body that can easily being seen

8/ Resources: Wikipedia