my biology page

#1:

+ The excretory system includes: kidneys, nephron, urine, large & small intestines, lung, skin, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, menses.

Malfunction can occur in excretory system: chronic kidney disease

+ Causes of Chronic kidney disease (CKD): The most common causes of CKD are high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease. CKD can lead to kidney failure, but early treatment can slow or prevent this.

+ With other systems: 1/ high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia -> affect on circulatory system 2/ weak bones -> affect on skeletal system 3/ nerve damage -> affect on nervous system

#2:

Pair 1 includes: muscular system (left) and nervous system (right)

+ muscular system: producing motion, providing stabilization and movement, generating heat.

+ nervous system: the major controlling, regulatory, and communicating system in the body.

Nervous system controls muscular system’s actions (eat, run, walk…). Muscles helps to feel the environment ( hot, cold, hurt…) and reports to the nervous system.

#3:

Enzyme X had chemical reactions with sugar A and B to make disaccharides X+A and X+B, with sugar C to make monosaccharide X+C -> the 3 sugars include a particular molecule that can go with enzyme to create sugars.

#4: Viruses attack the internal environment

#5: Diffusion

#6:The astronaut breathes in more O2 and breathes out more CO2 -> the algae needs to do more gas exchange and photosynthesis

#7:

More lights -> the algae does more photosynthesis -> supports and takes more O2, CO2, water vapor…

OR: More lights -> temperature raises -> 1/water turns into air -> less water 2/guard cells (stomata) close to keep the water in for the algae -> does less gas exchange.

#8:

A/ Diagram 1

B/ A stomata.

C/ Result of malfunction: Stomata can’t open -> plants cannot gain carbon dioxide (without simultaneously losing water vapor)

#9: Figure D

#10: 1 enzyme can only goes with one sugar to make a pair

#11: Enzyme and molecule create a sugar together.

#12:

+ Already weakened virus or bateria

+ Strengthen the immune system by fighting back against the weaker virus or bacteria, so it’ll have the idea what to do with the real one

+ Advantage: Smallpox

+ Disadvantage: The returning of whooping cough